Basil

Ocimum basilicum

Lamiaceae · herbs · India, Southeast Asia

EdibleLow Maintenance

About Basil

The king of culinary herbs, essential for Italian, Thai, and Vietnamese cuisines. Sweet basil, Thai basil, and dozens of other varieties each offer unique flavor profiles. Easy to grow in gardens or containers.

Growing Conditions

☀️

Sun

Full Sun

💧💧

Water

Medium

🌱

Soil

Rich, Well-drained

📈

Growth Rate

Fast

🌸

Bloom Season

Summer

🌈

Bloom Color

White

Size & Dimensions

Height

Spread

Hardiness Zone Range

Suitable for USDA Zones 2 through 11

Plant Details

Family	Lamiaceae
Category	Herbs
Native Region	India, Southeast Asia
Scientific Name	Ocimum basilicum

Care Tips

✓Pinch flowers to prolong leaf production.
✓Harvest from the top down.
✓Don't refrigerate fresh leaves — they turn black.
✓Plant after all frost danger has passed.

Fun Facts

★Means 'royal' or 'kingly' in Greek.
★Sacred in Hindu tradition — found in most Hindu households.
★Over 150 varieties exist worldwide, each with distinct flavor.

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Data verified: 2026-04

USDA Plants Database Missouri Botanical Garden

Frequently Asked Questions

What USDA hardiness zones can Basil grow in?

Basil (Ocimum basilicum) thrives in USDA hardiness zones 2 through 11. This means it can tolerate winter temperatures typical of these zones. Check your local zone to ensure it is suitable for your area.

How much sun and water does Basil need?

Basil requires full sun and has medium water needs. It grows best in rich, well-drained soil. Regular watering is recommended, especially during dry periods.

How tall and wide does Basil grow?

Basil typically reaches 2' tall with a spread of 1'. It has a fast growth rate and requires low maintenance. Plan your garden spacing accordingly to give it room to reach its full size.

Is Basil deer resistant?

Basil is not typically considered deer resistant. If deer are common in your area, consider protecting young plants with fencing or using deer repellent sprays during the growing season.

When does Basil bloom and is it edible?

Basil blooms in summer, producing white flowers. Parts of this plant are edible and can be used in cooking or eaten fresh. It belongs to the Lamiaceae family and is native to India, Southeast Asia.

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