Brussels Sprout

Brassica oleracea var. gemmifera

Brassicaceae · vegetables · Belgium

EdibleMedium Maintenance

About Brussels Sprout

A cool-season crop producing tiny cabbage-like heads along a thick stem. Flavor dramatically improves after frost — cold converts starches to sugars. Patience is key — takes 80-100 days to harvest.

Growing Conditions

☀️

Sun

Full Sun

💧💧

Water

Medium

🌱

Soil

Rich, Well-drained

📈

Growth Rate

Slow

🌸

Bloom Season

Fall-Winter

🌈

Bloom Color

Yellow (if bolted)

Size & Dimensions

Height

1' 6"

Spread

Hardiness Zone Range

Suitable for USDA Zones 2 through 10

Plant Details

Family	Brassicaceae
Category	Vegetables
Native Region	Belgium
Scientific Name	Brassica oleracea var. gemmifera

Care Tips

✓Start indoors 4 months before first fall frost.
✓Remove lower leaves as sprouts develop.
✓Harvest from bottom up after frost.
✓Top the plant 3 weeks before harvest for uniform sprouts.

Fun Facts

★Named after Brussels, Belgium where they were cultivated since the 13th century.
★A single plant can produce 50+ sprouts.
★Thomas Jefferson grew them at Monticello.

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Data verified: 2026-04

USDA Plants Database Missouri Botanical Garden

Frequently Asked Questions

What USDA hardiness zones can Brussels Sprout grow in?

Brussels Sprout (Brassica oleracea var. gemmifera) thrives in USDA hardiness zones 2 through 10. This means it can tolerate winter temperatures typical of these zones. Check your local zone to ensure it is suitable for your area.

How much sun and water does Brussels Sprout need?

Brussels Sprout requires full sun and has medium water needs. It grows best in rich, well-drained soil. Regular watering is recommended, especially during dry periods.

How tall and wide does Brussels Sprout grow?

Brussels Sprout typically reaches 3' tall with a spread of 1' 6". It has a slow growth rate and requires medium maintenance. Plan your garden spacing accordingly to give it room to reach its full size.

Is Brussels Sprout deer resistant?

Brussels Sprout is not typically considered deer resistant. If deer are common in your area, consider protecting young plants with fencing or using deer repellent sprays during the growing season.

When does Brussels Sprout bloom and is it edible?

Brussels Sprout blooms in fall-winter, producing yellow (if bolted) flowers. Parts of this plant are edible and can be used in cooking or eaten fresh. It belongs to the Brassicaceae family and is native to Belgium.

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